Antioxidant potential of Citrus aurantium essential oil in mitigating fish oil oxidation: Antioxidant potential of Citrus aurantium essential oil

Osman Sabri KESBİÇ; Hilal  METİN; Ümit ACAR

doi:10.5281/zenodo.14566466

Authors

Osman Sabri KESBİÇ Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Kastamonu University, 37150-Kastamonu, TÜRKİYE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1576-1836
Hilal METİN Institute of Science, Department of Aquaculture, Kastamonu University, 37150-Kastamonu, TÜRKİYE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-7820
Ümit ACAR Department of Forestry in Bayramiç Vocational School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17700, Çanakkale, TÜRKİYE https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-5490

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14566466

Keywords:

Neroli oil, fish oil oxidation, natural antioxidants, Citrus aurantium, peroxide value

Abstract

This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of Citrus aurantium flowers essential oil (neroli oil), in protecting fish oil, a lipid source highly susceptible to oxidation. Fish oil samples were supplemented with neroli oil (NEO) at concentrations ranging from 10 to 1500 ppm and subjected to rapid oxidation conditions (50°C for 48 hours with 70% humidity). Peroxide values (PV) were measured to assess oxidative stability, and significant differences were observed across treatment groups (p < 0.05). The lowest PV (7.65±0.28 meq O₂/kg) was recorded in the 1500 ppm NEO group, while the control group without supplementation had the highest PV (29.54±1.02 meq O₂/kg). NEO demonstrated comparable effectiveness to the commercial antioxidant Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT, 200 mg/kg). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified linalool (25.2%) and linalyl acetate (42.77%) as the major volatile components of NEO. The study highlights that NEO effectively suppresses lipid oxidation without exhibiting toxicity, making it a viable natural alternative for fish feed applications. Further investigations are recommended to explore the potential pro-oxidant effects at higher concentrations and the long-term implications of secondary oxidation products.

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Antioxidant potential of Citrus aurantium essential oil in mitigating fish oil oxidation