AQUATIC ANIMAL REPORTS (AQAR)

Methods used for the long-term preservation of primordial and early-stage germ cells in fish.

Ege Güngör — 2024-08-30

In sexually reproducing organisms, the continuous transmission of genetic data across generations is based on the biology of germ cells. High plasticity and capacity to form both gametes make Primordial Germ Cells (PGC) and Early-stage Germ Cells (eGC) (Oogonia or Spermatogonia) suitable candidates for long-term storage and retrieval of genetic data. This review examines cryopreservation techniques for these cells because of their key roles in gametogenesis. A wide range of current studies was examined in the review, from the embryonic origins of germ cells to advanced techniques used for isolation, enrichment, and cryopreservation in fish species. The development of germ-cell cryopreservation techniques has expanded our understanding of reproductive biology, opening novel possibilities for aquaculture and the preservation of genetic diversity. Enzymatic separation and enrichment methods that increase the viability and purity of isolated germ cells are important factors in the success rates of germ cell transplantation. The review also highlighted the potential of cryopreservation techniques, which offer the potential to preserve the genetic material of endangered species and improve aquaculture practices by preserving valuable genetic traits. With a comprehensive review of the existing modalities and their applications, this review highlights the contribution of germ cell studies to the fields of developmental biology, conservation, and aquaculture, emphasizing their importance for the sustainable management of biological resources and the conservation of biodiversity.

ICHTHYOFAUNA AND INVASIVE FISH THREATS IN FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS OF KARABURUN PENINSULA (İZMİR, TÜRKİYE)

Sevan Ağdamar — 2024-08-30

This study investigates the diversity of freshwater fish species in the Karaburun Peninsula and assesses the impact of invasive species on these ecosystems. Extensive electrofishing fieldwork was conducted to sample fish populations in various water bodies. Our findings highlight the presence of native and invasive species, and we discuss the implications for conservation and management, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to protect these vulnerable habitats.

Sustainable surge in Turkish salmon culture: Prioritizing environmental responsibility

Yesim BUYUKATES — 2024-08-30

The Turkish aquaculture sector has rapidly expanded, establishing itself as a leading force in global markets, particularly through the cultivation of Turkish salmon, a large rainbow trout species grown in offshore cages in the Black Sea. This study investigates the environmental sustainability of Turkish salmon farming, focusing on water quality parameters, nutrient levels, and the ecological impact of aquaculture practices in two potential aquaculture areas along the Turkish Black Sea coast. The research applies the Trix Index, a widely used metric for assessing eutrophication risks in coastal waters, to evaluate the suitability of these areas for aquaculture. Results indicate that the studied regions maintain optimal water quality conditions and present no significant risk of eutrophication, supporting the sustainability of aquaculture operations. The findings underscore the importance of strategic planning and environmental monitoring in expanding aquaculture while preserving marine ecosystems.

ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF ORGANIC ACIDS AGAINST FISH PATHOGEN YERSINIA RUCKERI

Abdullah Talha Yavilioğlu — 2024-08-30

Yersinia ruckeri is a common pathogen that causes mortality and economic losses in trout and salmon farming. The disease caused by this bacterium is also known as yersiniosis and enteric red mouth disease. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of different organic acids such as sulfamic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, itaconic acid, and tartaric acid against Yersinia ruckeri bacteria as alternatives to antibiotics. The antimicrobial effects of organic acids were determined by the disk diffusion method. As a result of the disk diffusion test, it was determined that all organic acids showed moderate inhibitory activity against Yersinia ruckeri. In addition, fumaric acid showed the highest antimicrobial activity with an 18 mm diameter. In addition, malic acid showed an inhibition zone of 16 mm, while tartaric acid and lactic acid both produced inhibition zones of 15 mm. Sulfamic acid and itaconic acid were found to be slightly less effective than the others, each producing an inhibition zone of 14 mm. In light of these findings, it can be said that the tested organic acids, especially fumaric acid, can potentially be used as an antimicrobial agent as an alternative to antibiotics to combat yersiniosis in aquaculture. In future studies, in vivo studies should be conducted by adding fumaric acid to fish diets and testing fish's resistance to yersiniosis disease.

Editorial Note

Sebahattin Ergün — 2024-08-30

As we celebrate the completion of two years and four issues of our journal of Aquatic Animal reports (AQAR), we reflect on the remarkable journey we’ve embarked upon in the realm of aquatic animal research. Our mission has always been to advance the understanding and conservation of aquatic life, and over the past two years, we have made significant strides in this endeavor.

From the depths of the oceans to the freshwater ecosystems, our contributors have brought to light groundbreaking research and insightful reviews that have enriched our knowledge and sparked meaningful discussions. Each issue has been a testament to the dedication and passion of our authors, reviewers, and editorial team.